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²{¥N§@®a¤¤¡A¾Ú§Ú¥Ø«eªº¬ã¨s©Òª¾¡A¥]¬AClive Bell, Vanessa Bell, Virginia Woolf, T. S. Elliot, Eric Gill, Christmas Humphreys, ¥H¤ÎAlan Watts§¡«e©¹°ÑÆ[¸Ó®i¡C¦b1935¦~12¤ë1 ¤é¡AVirginia Woolf¼g«Hµ¹¤H¦b¤¤°êªZº~¤j¾Ç¥ô±Ðªº«¿¤lJulian Bellªº«H¤W»¡¹D¡G¡u§Ṳ́~è¥h¨ºÓ¤¤°ê®iÄý¡C¡v¦o¼g±o¤£¦h¡A¦]¬°¡u§Ú¤£´Á±æ§A·Qn³o¨Ç®ø®§¡C¡v¦ý¦o§i¶DJulian¡A¡u¦b¨º¸Ì¸I¨ìJack Hutch¤ÎMonty Shearman¡AJack³Q³Ìªñ¤~°g¤W»R¥xªº¦ã²¤¯S¤Ó¤Ó©ÒÂZ¡C¦o¬ï¥ó¶Âm¡A¬Û«H¾¥¯Á¨½¥§¡A³µÛ¦ã²¤¯S¡A¥L¥¿n¥h¹ï¤@¸Û¤ßªº¡B¦³±Ð¾iªºÆ[²³ºtÁ¿¸Öªº¥¼¨Ó¡C³o´N¬O¤å¤Æ¬É¤¤ªº¤@¨Çn¨Æ¤F¡C¡v(Letters 5: 450)³ßÅw¶¢¸Üªº¿³P¡A¤S±aµÛ¨Ç³\¦ÊµL²á¿à¦a³ø¾É³o¥ó¨Æ¡F¤T¤Ñ¤§«á¡A12¤ë4 ¤éªº«H¡A¼gµ¹¦o©n¤ÒClive Bell(¦WÃÀµû®a¡A¤]¼g¹L´X½g¤¤°êÃÀ³Nªº¤å³¹)ªº«H¤¤©ê«è¡G¡u¦b¤¤°ê®iÄý¤§«á¸g¹LP©R¤T¤p®ÉªºTom Eliot¤Î¦³¿úªº¬ü°ê¶Õ§Q¤k¤h[Emily Hale]¤ÎStephen Spender¥H¤ÎGillet¥ý¥Í»P¤Ò¤H§Úªº³ïÄVÂк¡¹Ð¤g¡AÀY¸£Æ{´e¡v(5: 451)¡C´X¤Ñ¥H«á¡A¥îº¸ªÜ¦bµ¹Julianªº«H¤W¤S´£¨ì¡A¡u±N©Mº¿®æÄR¯S¡D³ÅµÜ¦Y¤È¶º[ù³Ç¡D³ÅµÜªº©n©n¡A³ÅµÜ«Ü¿ò¾Ñ¤w©ó1934¦~¹L¥@¡A¥¼¤Î¬Ý¨ì³o¦¸²±®i]¡A¨Ã©MÛ´°¦¹¦aªº¤¤°ê¤H»â³S¸I±--¥Lªº¦W¦r§Ú¤£°O±o¤F¡A¥L¨Ó³o¨à·Ç³Æ¨ºÓ®iÄýªº¡v(5: 452)¡C^°ê¥Dnªº¦ò±Ð«ä·QªºÒ¾ÉªÌChristmas Humphreys¤Q¤À±À±R»«´¡A¤@ª½¨ì1978¥Xª©ªº¦Û¶Ç¸Ì¤´¦^¾Ð³o¦¸®iÄýµ¹¥Lªº¦L¶H»P¼vÅT¡A¨Ã¦A¤Þ¥Î»«´¬°³o¦¸®iÄý©Ò¼gªº¥Ø¿ý¤¤ªº¤¶²Ð¤å¦r(Both 88)¡C¦b^°êÂø»x¡m¦ò±Ð¡n(Buddhism)¤¤¹ï¦¹¦¸®i¥X§@µû½×ªº®É¦~¬°21·³ªºAlan Watts¡A«Ü©úÅãŪ¹L»«´ªº°Q½×¤¤°êÃÀ³N»P¬ü¾Çªº®Ñ¡mÀsªº¸»R¡n(The Flight of the Dragon)¡CWatts¤é«á¦¨¬°¬ü°êºV¥´¬£¤Î¼^¥Ö¸s¤¤·¥¨ã¼vÅT¤OªºÁIªº¸àÄÀªÌ¡A¦]¦¹¤¤°êÃÀ³N¤Î¦ò±Ð¡B¥H¤Î»«´ªº¼vÅT¨Æ¹ê¤W»·¶W¹L1935¦Ü1936¦~ªº¤j®i¡A¦ÓµL»·¥±©¡¡C
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Works Consulted
(1)
Archival Materials:
Charles Rutherston Archive.
¡§The International Exhibition of Chinese Art, 1935-36¡¨ Archive, Royal Academy of Arts.
Modern Art Archive, Tate Gallery.
(2)
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Binyon, Laurence. The Flight of the Dragon. London: Murray, 1914.
---. Painting in the Far East: An Introduction to the History of Pictorial Art in Asia, Especially China and Japan. London: Arnold, 1908.
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Clark, Kenneth, ed. Paul Nash. Harmondsworth, Middlesex: Penguin, 1944.
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---. Vorticism and Its Allies. London: Arts Council of Great Britain, 1974.
---. ¡§What was Vorticism?¡¨ Farrington 23-29.
Courthion, Pirerre. Montmartre. Trans. Stuart Gilbert. Lausanne: Skira, 1956.
Curtis, Penelope. ¡§Barbara Hepworth and the Avant-Garde of the 1920s.¡¨ Barbara Hepworth: A Retrospective. Ed. Penelope Curtis and Alan G. Wilkinson. London: Tate Gallery, 1994. 11-28.
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(3)
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[1] ¦ý¤´°¼«¤å¾Ç»Pµ¼Öªº°Q½×¡A¯u¥¿½×¤Î¤å¾Ç»PøµeªºµøıÃÀ³N¥u¦³¨â½g¡C¦Ó¦¹¨â¤å¤¤¬Ò«±Ð¾Ç, ¤@¤å±´°Qªº¬O<¤å¾Ç,ÃÀ³N»P¦è¤è¤å¤Æ¤§±Ð¾Ç>;¥t¤å«h¬° <¤å¾Ç»PÃÀ³N½Ò°ó½×z¤§®i¶}>¡C
[2] Apollinaire¬O¸Ö¤H¡Aµo©ú¡u¶W²{¹ê¡v("surrealism")¤@¦r¡A¥L¼gªºÃÀµû´À²¦¥d¯Á¤Î¥¬©Ô®æ(Georges Braque)³þ©w¤F¦a¦ì¡C
[3] BMS AM1892.6 (94), Houghton Library, Harvard University.
[4]
Houghton Notes, bms
An 1892.6(29)3 nos. 10-11; ¡§The Latest Blast,¡¨ the E.E. Cummings Papers,
Houghton Library, bms AM 1892.6(69) n.
[5] ¡§Contemporary English Sculptors: Henry Moore,¡¨ Architectural Association Journal 45. 519 (May 1930): 408-13; qtd. in Moore 59.
[6] Arts Council of Great Britain, Rodin: Sculpture and Drawings, an exhibition at the Hayward Gallery, London, 24 Jan. to 5 Apr. 1970.
[7] Herbert Read¡¦s letter to Ben Nicholson, dated March 1940; qtd. in Jeremy Lewison, Ben 225.
[8] Letter from John Wells to Ben Nicholson, dated 20 April 1943; qtd. in Jeremy Lewison, Ben 225.